French Bulldog
BreedDog
Compact, muscular companion breed. Known for bat ears and flat face. Popular in urban environments.
Trait profiles
Heritable traits and their typical frequency in this breed population.
Agouti (ASIP)
A
Spotting (MITF)
S
Pied (sp/sp) is AKC standard in combination with accepted base colors.
Extension (MC1R)
E
Black (CBD103)
K
Dilute (MLPH)
D
Dilute (dd) is AKC DQ in this breed but present in large portions of the breeding population.
Intensity (MFSD12)
I
Brown (TYRP1)
B
Chocolate (bb) is AKC DQ but widely produced. DNA testing common.
Long Hair (FGF5)
L
L4 variant (c.559-560dupGG) is present in Frenchie population. AKC DQ. "Fluffy french bulldog" drives 49.5K monthly searches.
Merle (PMEL)
M
Merle introduced via crossbreeding. AKC will not register merle French Bulldogs. 18.1K monthly searches.
Harlequin (PSMB7)
H
Harlequin locus does not occur in French Bulldogs.
Morph names & registry status
Breed-specific naming conventions and recognition status across major registries.
Blue and Tan
Commondd + at/at. AKC DQ. Blue body with tan points. Popular in the non-standard market.
Unknown
Commonbb dd. AKC DQ. 8.1K monthly searches for "lilac french bulldog."
Unknown
Commonbb dd (same as Lilac). 2.4K monthly searches for "isabella french bulldog." Both names used in this breed.
Unknown
Commonbb dd + at/at. AKC DQ. Highly sought-after in Frenchie market.
Unknown
Commondd + Ay. AKC DQ. 2.9K monthly searches for "blue fawn french bulldog." Specifically listed as DQ in AKC standard.
Unknown
CommonM/m + bb + dd. AKC DQ. 2.4K monthly searches for "lilac merle french bulldog."
Unknown
Commonkbr + dd. AKC DQ. Produced alongside other blue Frenchie lines.
Unknown
CommonM/m + at/at. AKC DQ. Merle with tan points.
Unknown
CommonM/m + dd + at/at. AKC DQ. Three-locus combo.
Unknown
CommonM/m + bb + dd + at/at. AKC DQ. Most complex common Frenchie combo.
Unknown
Commonsp/sp. Pied is AKC standard when combined with accepted base colors. Non-standard when on a DQ base color.
Merle
CommonAKC will not register merle French Bulldogs. 18.1K monthly searches. Introduced via crossbreeding.
Blue
Commondd on black base. AKC DQ. 8.1K monthly searches. Associated with CDA risk.
Fawn
CommonAy/- with ky/ky. AKC standard. One of the most common Frenchie colors.
Sable
CommonAy/- with significant black-tipped overlay. AKC standard. Often with black mask (Em).
Brindle
Commonkbr/- with no KB. AKC standard. 8.1K monthly searches for "brindle french bulldog."
Tri
CommonTan points (at/at) in Frenchies are nearly always paired with non-standard colors (blue, lilac, merle). Tri alone on a standard base is uncommon but possible.
Fluffy
Commonl/l (L4 variant). AKC DQ. 49.5K monthly searches. Longer, softer coat on ears, chest, and body.
Cream
Commonee with phaeomelanin intensity dilution. AKC standard. Common and popular.
Unknown
CommonMerle on black base. AKC DQ. High search volume. Produced via introduced merle gene.
Unknown
aa + bb + dd. AKC DQ (chocolate and dilute are each DQ). Recessive black base modified by chocolate and dilute; distinct from standard Isabella (Ay+bb+dd). Community term "New Shade" distinguishes the cooler, more uniform tone. Very rare; requires recessive homozygosity at A, B, D, and K loci simultaneously.
Isabella Fawn Merle
M/m + bb + Ay/-. AKC DQ (both merle and chocolate are DQ). Merle acting on chocolate fawn base. Breeder term in this program: "Isabella Fawn Merle." Warm, rose-toned merle patches over fawn body; distinct from blue merle (black base) and lilac merle (bb+dd base).
Rojo and Tan
at/- + bb + dd + emem + ky/ky. AKC DQ (chocolate, dilute, and recessive red are each non-standard). Breeder term "Rojo" (Spanish: red) for this warm copper phenotype without black mask. Tan-point distribution visible as "Rojo and Tan." CDA risk from dd. DNA test all five loci.
Unknown
bb + Ay/- + ky/ky. AKC DQ (chocolate is DQ). Maskless fawn variant with liver/brown eumelanin. Produced in Frenchie color programs. Distinct from standard fawn (B/-) and from blue fawn (D locus). Breeders may describe as maskless chocolate fawn.
Unknown
M/m + bb. Both merle and chocolate are AKC DQ.
Chocolate
bb (homozygous brown). AKC DQ. 1K monthly searches for "chocolate french bulldog."
Red
Full-intensity phaeomelanin. AKC standard. Less distinctly named in Frenchies; often described as fawn.
Black and Tan
at/at + ky/ky + B/- D/- without white spotting. AKC DQ in Frenchies.
Chocolate and Tan
bb + at/at. AKC DQ. Chocolate with tan points.
Unknown
ee + dd. AKC DQ. Very pale cream/champagne coat.